<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8"></head><body style="word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class="">There is substance to the CRTC’s interest in community involvement.<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I recently coordinated an engagement with community broadband interests here in southern Alberta for Commissioner Linda Vennard, who has replaced Commissioner Menzies.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Commissioner Vennard is a university professor, not a lawyer, and she has a long background in researching the roles of ICT in community, cultural and economic development.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">She was hand-picked because she can provide the CRTC with a bottom-up perspective on ICT and development, especially rural development.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I first met Dr. Vennard in 2005 when she was a collaborator in the Alberta SuperNet Research Alliance, which did some excellent benchmarking work in rural Alberta in advance of SuperNet lighting up.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">The ASRA project was intended to track the social and economic impacts of the Alberta SuperNet, but funding evaporated after the GoA more or less abandoned the SuperNet in 2006 (no votes in it).</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Commissioner Vennard was also in attendance at the recent Digital Futures Symposium in Olds Alberta, home to <a href="http://www.o-net.ca" class="">www.o-net.ca</a> and the fastest Internet connections in Canada. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">The theme of the symposium was rural broadband enablement, and the entire event was a de facto endorsement of the DIY approach taken by Olds. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">(few community leaders are ready to take similar initiative in rural Alberta, but that’s another story)</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">At this juncture, my strong impression is that the CRTC is keenly aware of what is at stake for communities in their upcoming ruling on the BSO, especially rural and remote communities. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">The hard reality is that if our communities are to keep pace with the rest of the world in broadband and economic development, a major disruption will be required in our telecom industry.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">We are already at risk of being leapfrogged by some ‘developing' nations, and more facilities-based competition will just dig us deeper into the hole we are in.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">It is also my strong impression that our telecom incumbents have seen the writing on the wall, and are now doing everything they can to build and protect their most valuable assets - their fibre plants.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Hence the recent challenge from Bell on the wholesale ruling, essentially handing us all a great big stick to beat them with (see article from CNOC President Bill Sandiford in today’s Globe & Mail).</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Bell's position makes absolutely no sense in relation to Canada’s social and economic development, an issue the CRTC became far more concerned with than the Harper Government.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">The Trudeau Government could hardly do any worse, and there is ample reason to believe they will do much better. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I won’t be surprised if Trudeau and the CRTC begin to follow the examples already set by Obama and the FCC. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Obama has been a vocal advocate for community broadband, and the FCC is clearing the path for a whole lot more of it. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">A major challenge in Canada has been lack of investment capital for community fibre projects, but this is now changing. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">It will cost roughly $60 billion to plaster Canada with fibre utilities, and multinational developers like Macquarie Capital are looking our way with gleaming eyes.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">One of their strongest assets in Canada will be the depth and breadth of market antipathy towards incumbent carriers, who may finally get their asses handed to them by network developers with much broader and deeper experience in the new telecom paradigm (create abundance, not scarcity). </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">They will have nobody to blame but themselves for hiding behind a captive regulator and failing to respond to transformative changes in technology and market sentiment.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">The rest of us will likely come to blame the utter incompetence of the Harper Government, but we really have nobody to blame but ourselves - we got the governments we deserved. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">We have a hell of a lot ground to make up, but I am confident our new Government and the CRTC will be up to the task - they know what is at stake. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">There is much to hope for, and I am particularly hopeful that some of our First Nation communities will finally get the recognition they serve for leadership in rural broadband development. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Olds was not the first community-owned fibre network in rural Canada. </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">JvL</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class=""><br class=""><div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On Oct 30, 2015, at 2:24 PM, Brian Beaton <<a href="mailto:brianbeaton@knet.ca" class="">brianbeaton@knet.ca</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=""><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" class=""><div dir="auto" class=""><div class="">Gary and others ... Thanks for taking the time to articulate this perspective of the role of the CRTC... You might be right about their historical role that is still pretty much in place today thanks in large part to the corporate telcos that continue to dominate and influence political minds and policies all in their own best interests... But I am hopeful and probably very naive to think that the current Basic Service Objective... BSO... Hearings might create some desired changes in the operational mandate of the CRTC to include strategies and hopefully funding supporting community owned and managed infrastructure, services, and access ... </div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">That is in part what the FMCC team is advocating during these hearing ... Our interventions and responses to questions are posted online at both the CRTC site and the <a href="http://firstmile.ca/" class="">http://firstmile.ca</a> site. For me it more a matter of trying and hoping there is a way to create change in how to influence and change policies that are negatively impacting communities... Trying to get new politicians to understand all this is one method that is important but I often wonder what effect it is having ...</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">I have heard Jean Paul Blais speak a couple of times and he wants to create change at the CRTC and he talks about community involvement... So I am hoping and doing what I can with a great group of people to support Mr Blais' efforts... <br class=""><br class="">Brian Beaton<div class="">Researcher, First Nations Innovation project</div><div class="">Grad Student, Faculty of Education, Critical Studies, University of New Brunswick</div><div class="">Box 104, Fredericton, NB, E3B 4Y2</div></div><div class=""><br class="">On Oct 30, 2015, at 2:45 PM, Gary W Kenward <<a href="mailto:garykenward@eastlink.ca" class="">garykenward@eastlink.ca</a>> wrote:<br class=""><br class=""></div><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class=""><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8" class=""><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html charset=utf-8" class="">I hadn’t thought of the possibility of the CRTC intervening in community media. And you are correct in that there is a potential for mischief.<div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">The CRTC’s “mandate” appears to contain a few of contradictions. At the very least, the language the CRTC itself uses shows a clear and persistent bias towards broadcasting and telecommunications. The CRTC’s lack of awareness of the concept of the Internet as a community resource rather then yet another transport medium seems apparent in both the language they use and in their approach to Internet issues.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">The CRTC still appears to view content as a controllable output from a small number of providers (the broadcast/telecommunications model). As long as they retain this antiquated perspective, their activities will be biased towards the big content providers.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">My primary point is that the CRTC is not the entity to respond to this call for a "more coherent approach to community media in digital environment" (sic) with any effectiveness. Content on the Internet is largely an emergent phenomena of a occasionally self-organizing chaotic ecosystem. Government policies should reflect and nurture this ecosystem.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">But, as you imply, we appear to be on the same page.</div><div class=""><br class=""></div><div class="">Gary</div><div class=""><div class="">
<div style="letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><font color="#511989" class=""><span style="font-size: 10px;" class=""><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">-----------------------------------------------</span></font></div><div style="font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px;" class=""><font face="Comic Sans MS" color="#007d80" class=""><span style="font-size: 10px;" class="">It is not, perhaps, unreasonable to conclude, that a pure and perfect democracy is a thing not attainable by man, constituted as he is of contending elements of vice and virtue, and ever mainly influenced by the predominant principle of self-interest. </span></font></div><div style="margin: 0px;" class=""><i style="font-size: 10px; color: rgb(145, 145, 145);" class=""> - Alexander Fraser Tytler</i><span style="font-size: 10px; color: rgb(145, 145, 145);" class=""> </span></div><div style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10px;" class=""><br class=""></span></div></div><div style="font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=""><div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;" class=""><font style="color: rgb(174, 40, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9px;" class="">THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL. </font></div><div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;" class=""><font style="color: rgb(174, 40, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9px;" class="">THIS DOCUMENT IS NOT TO BE COPIED, PRINTED OR REDISTRIBUTED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE ORIGINAL AUTHOR</font><font style="color: rgb(174, 40, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9px;" class="">.</font><span style="color: rgb(174, 40, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9px;" class=""> </span></div></div></div></div></div>
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<br class=""><div class=""><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class="">On 2015.10.29, at 11:50, Garth Graham <<a href="mailto:garth.graham@telus.net" class="">garth.graham@telus.net</a>> wrote:</div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"><div class="">There’s no disconnect. That’s a very cogent and useful analysis of the CRTC’s relationship to Internet regulation, and I agree with you completely. I was merely looking what might be in it for TC in continuing an alliance with CACTUS, given they see themselves as constrained by the CRTC more than we do. I think you are pointing out that suggesting community access sites be considered as community media has hidden dangers, such as taking the CTRC where we really don’t want it to go.<br class=""><br class="">GG<br class=""><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class="">On Oct 29, 2015, at 7:35 AM, imaginit <<a href="mailto:imaginit@eastlink.ca" class="">imaginit@eastlink.ca</a>> wrote:<br class=""><br class="">Garth:<br class=""><br class=""> I agree with the spirit of your posting. <br class=""><br class=""> The disconnect I see in your thesis is whether the CRTC is to play more then a role in regulating Internet connectivity (which I would agree, they could be doing much more), or whether there is a broader role for them to play in influencing application services. They have done this in the past, for example with CanCon.<br class=""><br class=""> In the past, however, service and connectivity were tightly coupled: telephony service was the sole purpose of the copper wire distribution network, broadcast radio and television the sole purpose of the (broadcast) wireless and cable infrastructure.<br class=""><br class=""> The Internet is a different beast, as we all know. One of the principles of the Internet architecture is to ensure a clear independence between applications and the Internet transport service. This is one of the principle strengths of the Internet, which cannot be undermined even for the most noble of purposes. Regulating the Internet is a valid policy, as long as it stops with connectivity (including security and privacy of transport, net neutrality, etc.).<br class=""><br class=""> The telecoms, cablecoms and cellcoms themselves have had great difficulty dealing with the separation of application services from transport. Their initial approach was to binding applications to transport was through explicit “garden walls”. This approach mostly failed (but hasn’t gone away), and the current emphasis is on market centric approaches, such as attempting to dominate content creation and distribution. The *coms pursue profit in businesses they understand. <br class=""><br class=""> Clearly, there may be justification for regulations aimed at mitigating monopolization of the Internet by content providers. It’s not clear how this would be accomplished, given the current existence of natural Internet monopolies such as Google, Amazon, Facebook, etc. <br class=""><br class=""> Providing community services is something the *coms might undertake as part of their public relations efforts. It is not something they will aggressively pursue as part of their business model, no matter how much regulation the CRTC attempts to impose.<br class=""><br class=""> A better path, moving forward, would be to limit the mandate of the CRTC to regulation of distribution mediums (wireless and wired), with, i think we would all agree, an emphasis on providing fair access to everyone in Canada (with the caveat that “fair” is an open term and requires careful definition for each medium).<br class=""><br class=""> If there is a government role in promoting community services at the application level, including community web sites, information distribution, emergency services, etc., then I strongly suggest this should not be undertaken by the CRTC. It must not be presented as a regulation issue, either. <br class=""><br class=""> Perhaps there is a place for a new government entity aimed at promoting Internet communities at the local level. An entity that would (hopefully) be more independent of the antiquated relationships between the *coms and the CRTC.<br class=""><br class="">With a new government, elected on a platform of “change”, there may be a window of opportunity for new approaches to the governments role in new media.<br class=""><br class="">Regards,<br class="">Gary<br class=""><br class="">-----------------------------------------------<br class="">It is not, perhaps, unreasonable to conclude, that a pure and perfect democracy is a thing not attainable by man, constituted as he is of contending elements of vice and virtue, and ever mainly influenced by the predominant principle of self-interest. <br class=""> - Alexander Fraser Tytler <br class=""><br class="">THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL. <br class="">THIS DOCUMENT IS NOT TO BE COPIED, PRINTED OR REDISTRIBUTED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE ORIGINAL AUTHOR. <br class=""><br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class="">On 2015.10.29, at 00:03, Garth Graham <<a href="mailto:garth.graham@telus.net" class="">garth.graham@telus.net</a>> wrote:<br class=""><br class="">On Oct 28, 2015, at 3:51 AM, Marita Moll <<a href="mailto:mmoll@ca.inter.net" class="">mmoll@ca.inter.net</a>> wrote:<br class=""><blockquote type="cite" class="">I think public access internet sites are (should be considered as) part of community media. Not sure if this is addressed in this report. If anybody has time to look at it and suggest a way for us to comment, please do. I have considered attending this conference which will be held in Ottawa in late Nov.<br class=""><br class="">-------- Original Message --------<br class="">Subject:<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>CACTUS: New Study Calls for More Coherent Approach to Community Media in Digital Environment<br class="">Date:<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Wed, 28 Oct 2015 04:48:54 -0400<br class="">From:<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Cathy Edwards <<a href="mailto:cathy@timescape.ca" class="">cathy@timescape.ca</a>><br class="">To:<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space:pre"> </span>Cathy Edwards <<a href="mailto:cathy@timescape.ca" class="">cathy@timescape.ca</a>><br class=""><br class="">….The report is posted on the web site of the conference at <a href="http://www.commediaconverge.ca/survey" class="">www.ComMediaConverge.ca/survey</a>. The site also hosts a forum where the public can offer comments and feedback. <br class=""></blockquote><br class="">There may be some way of finding common ground with TC inherent in their identification of the benefits of community media:<br class=""><br class="">· Provide a platform for local artistic and cultural expression,<br class="">· advertise local events and provide visibility to community groups,<br class="">· provide alternative points of view,<br class="">· provide communication services that strengthen the community and have significant impact on their community’s awareness of local issues and events.<br class="">· profile local jobs, economic opportunities and businesses<br class="">· provide local weather and emergency warning services<br class="">· access to local information<br class="">· celebration of local culture and preservation of heritage<br class="">· positive impacts in terms of bringing the community together, increasing levels of civic engagement, coverage of local government proceedings, expanding political involvement, and media skills training and capacity building.<br class=""><br class="">But it’s difficult to see where the agencies we represent, tech centers, telecenters, maker spaces, digital inclusion services, and community networks, fit into the universe of broadcast media they imagine. The survey defines community media as:<br class="">“Community media make up one of three elements in the Canadian Broadcasting Act that contribute to one integrated system. Regulated community media comprise campus and community radio stations, BDU [cable]-administered community channels, and community- owned independent community television broadcasters. Community media are also increasingly distributed via unregulated online platforms, including audio podcasts, streamed video, and interactive games.”<br class=""><br class="">Obviously, all that is in a one-to-many broadcast mode. Even as they intend, “multiplatform opportunities for production, circulation and consumption of community-generated content,” they are still focused on reaching the citizen as member of an audience. For example, they place the idea of “convergence” through digital media in the context of, “the need for established community media organizations to leverage the Internet as an auxiliary platform for distribution.”<br class=""><br class="">They view the Internet as one more means of mass communication using digital technologies. They are ignoring the interactive, participatory dimensions of the parallel development of “new media,” and the implications that has for defining “convergence” differently than they are doing. They do not define themselves in terms of community development in the context of a digital economy.<br class=""><br class="">Perhaps it’s their focus on the CRTC’s review of community TV regulations that’s circumscribing their approach to being digital. They say:<br class="">“…[the]rise of a recognizable 'community media sector' within new media appears to trail the development of commercial media on new platforms. Part of the reason for this may be that the CRTC does not regulate the Internet and does not recognize community media on new media platforms per se nor provide for its support. The federal regulator's relationship with community media is mediated by the licencing process, which applies only to the 'traditional' community media: radio and TV, even though the latter may be available on the Internet in addition to their licenced distribution method (over-the-air, digital cable and so on). “<br class=""><br class="">I know that, in the past, we’ve endorsed their “need to generate new proposals for a refocusing of policy attention and support for community media in the digital environment.” As we embark, once again, on doing the same thing for community networking, it may be interesting to see if they are willing to reciprocate.<br class=""><br class="">GG<br class="">_______________________________________________<br class="">Advisors mailing list<br class=""><a href="mailto:Advisors@tc.ca" class="">Advisors@tc.ca</a><br class=""><a href="http://victoria.tc.ca/mailman/listinfo/advisors" class="">http://victoria.tc.ca/mailman/listinfo/advisors</a><br class=""></blockquote><br class=""></blockquote><br class="">_______________________________________________<br class="">Advisors mailing list<br class=""><a href="mailto:Advisors@tc.ca" class="">Advisors@tc.ca</a><br class=""><a href="http://victoria.tc.ca/mailman/listinfo/advisors" class="">http://victoria.tc.ca/mailman/listinfo/advisors</a><br class=""></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div><br class=""><br class=""><div class="">
<div style="letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="font-variant: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" class=""><div style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;" class=""><div style="margin: 0px;" class=""><span style="font-size: 10px;" class=""><br class="Apple-interchange-newline">-----------------------------------------------</span></div><div style="margin: 0px;" class=""><font color="#00a21d" face="Chalkboard" style="font-size: 10px;" class="">There are two ways of constructing a software design: One way is to make it so simple that there are obviously no deficiencies, and the other way is to make it so complicated that there are no obvious deficiencies….</font></div><div style="margin: 0px;" class=""><font face="Chalkboard" class=""><span style="font-size: 9px;" class="">- C.A.R. Hoare</span></font></div></div><div style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; margin: 0px;" class=""><font face="Chalkboard" class=""><span style="font-size: 9px;" class=""><br class=""></span></font></div><div class=""><div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;" class=""><font style="color: rgb(174, 40, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9px;" class="">THE INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PRIVATE AND CONFIDENTIAL. </font></div><div style="text-align: -webkit-auto;" class=""><font style="color: rgb(174, 40, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9px;" class="">THIS DOCUMENT IS NOT TO BE COPIED, PRINTED OR REDISTRIBUTED WITHOUT PERMISSION OF THE ORIGINAL AUTHOR</font><font style="color: rgb(174, 40, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9px;" class="">.</font><span style="color: rgb(174, 40, 0); font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 9px;" class=""> </span></div></div></div></div></div><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" style="font-family: Arial; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><br class="Apple-interchange-newline"></div></div></div>
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<br class=""></div></blockquote><blockquote type="cite" class=""><div class=""><span class="">_______________________________________________</span><br class=""><span class="">Advisors mailing list</span><br class=""><span class=""><a href="mailto:Advisors@tc.ca" class="">Advisors@tc.ca</a></span><br class=""><span class=""><a href="http://victoria.tc.ca/mailman/listinfo/advisors" class="">http://victoria.tc.ca/mailman/listinfo/advisors</a></span><br class=""></div></blockquote></div>_______________________________________________<br class="">Advisors mailing list<br class=""><a href="mailto:Advisors@tc.ca" class="">Advisors@tc.ca</a><br class="">http://victoria.tc.ca/mailman/listinfo/advisors<br class=""></div></blockquote></div><br class=""></div></body></html>